Be My Brother Free Essays

Belonging and alienation is the process of being either excluded or accepted by the society in which you live. Belong is a human conception,mostly considered a fundamental human need and a source of survival, safety, protection and happiness. To belong is usually considered positive and essential for a successful existence:however a negative sense of belonging:found among the displaced, marginalised and uncared for can lead to many social, filial and personal problems that can be almost insurmountable for the individual. We will write a custom essay sample on Be My Brother or any similar topic only for you Order Now The short trop fest film â€Å"Be My Brother† by Genevieve Clay 2009, represents these ideas through the films central characters. The film deals with society and people with disabilities feeling displaced within society due to prejudices. It also displays the notions of disconnection and isolation within the family home of the main character and his brother. The viewer here develops a strong connection to the idea of alienation and not belonging. The short film â€Å"Be My Brother† explores the concept of isolation through disabilities. Richard the protagonist is born with a disability and is isolated from society. Richard feels as though he doesn’t exist around his brother Damien. As the film progresses, Richard the protagonist meets a girl names Amanda and she neglects him at first, though she discovers another side to him, and so form a relationship with him. Social acceptance is the process of affiliation with society, but within the film â€Å"Be My Brother† it begins with the exclusion of the main character that has a disability. This is evident when Richard meets Amanda for the first time. As she see’s Richard approaching, she immediately moves towards the edge of the seat. The wide shot used in this scene indicates Amanda’s discomfort, where it demonstrates her fear towards people who are physically different. Furthermore, as Richard offers his hand to Amanda for a handshake, she quickly touches his hand, and faces the other way. The close up shot within this scene reveals Amanda’s disgust towards Richard through hand gestures, where it emphasies her cruelty and superiority towards him. Clothing in this segment plays a crucial role. Amanda is wearing black clothing, which portrays her social standing, which represents class, elegance, and wealth, whereas Richard is wearing brown clothing, expressing dull, inferior and being less important. The full shot used demonstrates the relationships between characters, and where they stand in society. In addition, social acceptance can be displayed within the family. Richard feels displaced around his brother Damien. This is exemplified in the scene where Damien wearing a black hoodie with his hood up, incorporated with the wide shot depicts resentment and exclusion, where Damien feels embarrassed about his brother because he has a disability. The black hoodie symbolises something evil and depressed which contributes to the isolation Richard is experiencing. As Richard passes his hand with the audio recorder to Damien, Damien promptly tries to avoid Richard by moving his head. The close up shot allows the audience to see Damien’s facial expression conveying Damiens arrogance towards Richard. Social acceptance is the key concept within the film â€Å"Be My Brother†, where cameral angles and clothing play a crucial role in revealing the idea of feeling accepted and to belong within society. Disconnection and isolation is portrayed throughout the film between Richard and his brother. The negative sense of belonging, where someone feels isolated; found among the marginalised and uncared for can lead to anger and disappointment. The ideas of isolation can be seen at the beginning of the film. The extreme long shot at the beginning of the film reflects the setting, as Richard is disconnected from society. The blur of the background enhances Richards loneliness and societies prejudice against people with disabilities. Furthermore, the aspect of displacement can be manifested in the segment where Damien is sitting by himself at the bus stop and Richard is standing up, expressing his point. The major quote Richard plays in his audio recording â€Å"I am what I am, I can’t change that, my brother doesn’t seem to understand, he seems like he doesn’t want to be near me, I seem to always embarrass him and I don’t like to be ignored! shows evidence of self-expression where Richard seeks to be accepted by his brother and society. Anger and disappointment emerges within the audio recording which shows Richards frustration towards his brother, creating tension and indicating family breakdown. However, Damien experiences a change of heart when he is unable to pay his bus fare. Richard steps in and pays the driver. The long shot used in this scene culminates Damien’s feelings towards his brother, creating a journey as he walks down the narrow bus path towards his brother and he is thinking and taking into account what his brother did for im and how he has treated his brother. The notions of anger, resentment and embarrassment slowly fade away as he takes off his hoodie and Richard hugs him. This important factor leads to acceptance with his brother and the formation of a positive family relationship. Disconnection and isolation is portrayed throughout the film between Richard and his brother, although it diminishes when Damien comes to the realisation that he is taking his brother for granted and thus the film shapes our understanding of belong and alienation. Ultimately the short film â€Å"Be My Brother† has further developed the understanding of belonging and alienation. Details of the social acceptance, disconnection and isolation portrayed throughout the film between Richard and his Brother, all expose â€Å"belonging and alienation† as a human conception whereby to belong is usually considered positive and to not belong leads to marginalisation. The feeling of belonging means acceptance however if someone is under the threat of not belonging the feelings of isolation, anger and disappointment emerge. How to cite Be My Brother, Papers

Marketing in an International Environment for Milk Company

Question: Discuss about theMarketing in an International Environment for Milk Company. Answer: Introduction In the present scenario, marketing is essential for enhancing the volume of sales and profitability of businesses. Nowadays, companies focus on developing and implementing different marketing strategies to attract new customers and retain the old ones (Armstrong et al. 2015). However, it can be critically argued that carrying out marketing in an international environment is not an easy task for organizations as it requires lots of efforts and resources. The present study is based on Nestle, which was founded in the year 1905 in Switzerland. The selected business enterprise offers various products linked with food and drinks to different international customers. This research explores the history of Nestle along with its critical resources and their capabilities. Nestles overall strength and weaknesses are also reflected in the present study. Company Background History of the company In the year 1866, the Anglo- Swiss Condensed Milk Company was founded, and in the year 1867, Henri Nestle founded an infant food company. Furthermore, both these companies decided to merge their operations in 1905, and the result of this was the foundation of Nestle Group. It can be expressed that since its establishment, Nestle has always followed an aggressive strategy in the context of mergers and operations (Nestle 2017). For example, in the year 1929, the selected business organization carried out the merger with brands such as Peter, Cailler, Kohler Chocolats Suisses. In 1971, it merged with Ursina-Franck with an objective to improve its overall efficiency (Nestle 2017). The most renowned product of Nestle, i.e., Nescafe was launched in 1938, and in 1977, Nestle SA was incorporated. It was the year 1935 when the company launched the most famous international chocolate bar which is KitKat. The brand has been very successful in its domestic market, and it has been able to acquire a substantial market share because of its product quality. Regarding expanding in the new international market, the objectives of Nestle can be to increase its sales and profitability, to find new customers, to enhance existing customer brand and to improve the overall brand image in the international market. Organizational resources /capabilities It can be expressed that human and technology are the two major resources available with Nestle. The HR practices adopted by Nestle can be termed as effective enough to ensure that a pool of talented and skilled employee is available for the organization (Galalae George 2017). Further, the workers are highly motivated and contribute a lot to the overall success of the company. Nestle also focuses on providing training and development programs to its employees so that their skill set and core competencies can be improved (Benyon Dunkerley 2014). On the other side of this, Nestle also emphasizes on adopting new and advanced technology and integrating the same in manufacturing and overall business operations (Brem, Maier Wimschneider 2016). The use of upgraded technology assists the organization in carrying out the smooth flow of all activities and business practices. In addition to this, technological resources also play a vital role in delivering fast, accurate and satisfactory pro ducts/services to people in the market. Organizational strength and weakness The brand image of Nestle in international market can be termed as the biggest strength of the company. The organization lies in the category of fortune 500, and it is also considered as the large corporation in the food industry in the context of revenue generated (Moura, Branco Camoesas 2015). Another key strength of Nestle is its team of research and development which is efficient enough to innovative new products and satisfies the demand of people in the market. Strong product portfolio and high quality of goods offered are some other strength of Nestle. On the other hand, consumer and legal issues at regular interval can be considered as the primary weakness of Nestle. The ban of products such as Nestle Maggie in India and Boycott of Nestle baby Formula has adversely affected the brand of the image of the organization. Further, products such as Carnation milk can also be termed as the weakness of Nestle as these products are not able to satisfy the need and demand of people in present scenario (Bharucha 2016). Market Selections Analysis of target country market micro environment Kit Kat can be termed as one of the most popular products of Nestle, and it has been very successful in many international markets. It was introduced in the year 1935 and still today, Kit Kat is in high demand. Now, the company can look forward to increasing its market share and can introduce Kit Kat in new markets such as Japan (Hamilton Webster 2015). The rationale behind selecting and targeting a whole new market is that it will provide potential opportunities for growth and development to the chosen organization. However, the product will be affected by the political, legal, environmental, social, technological and economic factors existing within the selected market. It can be expressed that Nestles product will be directly affected by the political environment which exists in India. Kit Kat is very popular in international markets but in Japan the government is paying huge attention to diseases such as obesity. Kit Kat is the product which is generally consumed by teenagers and kids (Cavusgil et al. 2014). Further, strict laws and regulations are developed by the government of Japan to protect issues linked with obesity in teenagers. To operate in the new market, Nestle will be required to carry out certain changes in Kit Kat, and it may also need to reduce the calories and sugar level in the products. The strict laws can results in adversely affecting the sales of Kit Kat in new market. Japans economy is very strong and it is also considered as one of the largest economies in the globe. Furthermore, the economic conditions of Japan are favourable to introduce Kit Kat in the new market. Apart from this, social factors such as growing population of youngsters and demand of chocolate bars among kids will also positively affect the sales of Kit Kat in Japan. In context of technology, it can be asserted that at present, the selected new market is having the most advanced technology in the world (Huff, Song Gresch 2014). Thus, Nestle also has an opportunity to set up its manufacturing unit in Japan for carrying out the production of Kit Kat. The advanced and upgraded technology (machines and systems) will also play vital role in making the selected product successful in new market. However, it can be argued that the legal environment in Japan is rigorous and the brand will be required to follow all regulations and laws while carrying out its business operations. Negligence of corporate and labour laws can affect the sales and overall brand image of Nestle negatively. The new market is also stringent regarding environment protection, and the brand will be required to take care of the same (Ang, Benischke Doh 2015). Like other international chocolates, Nestle can introduce Kit Kat bars in foil covers as it will help in lowering down the environmental pollution. Apart from this, green practices for manufacturing of the bar will also be needed to conduct smooth operations in the new market. Detailed micro research The target market here for Nestle is Japan where the company will be looking forward to introducing the most famous chocolate bar, i.e., Kit Kat. Over the past few years, the demand of chocolate in Japan has grown well, and this can be major success factors for Nestle in a new market (De Beule, Elia Piscitello 2014). The country is also considered as the biggest consumer of chocolate in the entire Asian market. Furthermore, the growing population of kids and youngsters will provide a potential platform to Nestle regarding introducing and selling Kit Kat in the new market. The demand for chocolate bars is growing, and at present, it is an excellent opportunity for Nestle to enter the market (BLOOMBERG 2016). Nowadays, the chocolate manufacturers in Japan emphasize on factors such as healthy labeling of the foods, awareness about consumer changing demand and aggressive product development strategies (Powell 2014). The target customer of Nestle in Japan is going to be kids and teenagers who fall under the category of middle and higher income group in the society. Apart from this, aggressive marketing of Kit Kat bar will be carried out by Nestle in Japan to create awareness among target customers. To sustain in the competitive market, Nestle will be required to conduct changes in its overall strategies and products at regular intervals by changing customer demand in a new market. Competitor analysis In the present scenario, competitor analysis is an important function of management as it helps in identification of the key strategies and plans adopted by other market players. The analysis helps in generating useful information which can be used in areas such as product development or formulation of new marketing strategies. Mars can be termed as the biggest competitor of Nestle Kit Kat in Japan. Further, the objective of Mars is manufactured different food products in such a way that all the stakeholders are benefited from the same (Baker 2016). Mars Snickers are one of the most famous chocolate bars in Japan, and it can give direct competition to Kit Kat. In addition to this, Mars has adopted a moderate price strategy and a marketing strategy which is quite aggressive. It can be expressed that Nestle will be required to invest the significant amount of efforts and resources to steal the market share from Mars and make Kit Kat successful. The quality of Snickers is exceptional, a nd thus, Nestle will be required to adopt an innovative strategy in product development and marketing. Conclusion From the above report, it can be concluded that Nestle is one of the most renowned brands in the food industry of the world. Further, it is successful operation in more than 85 countries of the world. High brand image, sufficient research and development team can be termed as the major strength of the company. On the other hand, controversies at frequent intervals have emerged as the weakness of Nestle. To enhance its existing market share, sales and attract new customers, the company will be looking forward to entering the new market such as Japan with one of its most popular products which are Kit Kat. It can be inferred that factors such as economic, social, technological are favourable and thus will contribute in long terms success of the company. On the other hand, Nestle will also need to ensure that it follows the corporate and labour laws developed in the new market. It can be concluded that Mars is going to be the biggest competitor of Nestle in Japan and Kit Kat will face d irect competition from Snickers. Recommendation Some recommendations to Nestle for making Kit Kat successful in Japan are mentioned below as: It can be recommended that the company should go for the strategy of adoption instead of focusing on standardization. As per the recommended plan, Nestle will be required to carry out certain changes in its product and marketing strategies according to the need and culture people in the new market. The rationale behind this is that adoption will support in meeting the demand and needs of consumers in the Japanese market in the best possible manner. It will also play an important role in making Kit Kat successful in the market. It can be suggested that aggressive marketing practices should be used by Nestle in its new market. More focus should be given to social media and online marketing tools. It can be expressed that aggressive marketing will help in developing demand of Kit Kat among people in the market. Further, it also supports the selected business enterprise in getting a competitive advantage over other market players operating in the industry. The strategies and products should be developed from information gathered through macro, micro and competitor analysis of the new market. The data collected will play a vital role in determining the best possible and suitable strategy for the new market. In addition to this, it will also provide a potential platform for long term growth and sustainability to Nestle in the market. References Ang, SH, Benischke, MH Doh, JP 2015, 'The interactions of institutions on foreign market entry mode.', Strategic Management Journal, vol 36, no. 10, pp. 1536-1553. Armstrong, G, Kotler, P, Harker, M Brennan, R 2015, Marketing: an introduction, Pearson Education, New York. Baker, PAFS 2016, 'Food systems transformations, ultra-processed food markets and the nutrition transition in Asia.', Globalization and health, vol 12, no. 1, p. 80. Benyon, J Dunkerley, D 2014, Globalization: the reader, Routledge, New York. Bharucha, J 2016, ' Cadbury Vs Nestle: A Study of The Chocolate War', International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, vol 6, no. 9, pp. 609-620. BLOOMBERG 2016, Growing demand for premium chocolates in Japan, viewed 17 August 2017, https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/food/growing-demand-for-premium-chocolates-in-japan. Brem, A, Maier, M Wimschneider, C 2016, 'Competitive advantage through innovation: the case of Nespresso', European Journal of Innovation Management, vol 19, no. 1, pp. 133-148. Cavusgil, S, Knight, G, Riesenberger, JR, Rammal, HG Rose, EL 2014, International business, Pearson Australia, Melbourne. De Beule, F, Elia, S Piscitello, L 2014, 'Entry and access to competencies abroad: Emerging market firms versus advanced market firms', Journal of International Management, vol 20, no. 2, pp. 137-152. Galalae, C George, S 2017, Case Study 1: Nestl in Mexico: The Good Food Versus The Good Life Dilemma. In Strategic Marketing Cases in Emerging Markets , Springer International Publishing., New York City. Hamilton, L Webster, P 2015, The international business environment, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Huff, K, Song, P Gresch, EB 2014, ' Cultural intelligence, personality, and cross-cultural adjustment: A study of expatriates in Japan', International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol 38, pp. 151-157. Moura, A, Branco, M Camoesas, M 2015, 'NESTL, A GLOBAL FIRM AND ITS CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS', International Management Conference, p. 96. Nestle 2017, Key dates, viewed 17 August 2017, https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/overview/keydates. Nestle 2017, The Nestl company history, viewed 17 August 2017, https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history. Powell, KS 2014, 'Profitability and speed of foreign market entry', Management International Review, vol 54, no. 1, pp. 31-45.

Concept of Education and Social Development-Samples for Students

Question: Write a Summary on the Concept of Education and Social Development and the International Strategies for Economic Collaboration Reform. Answer: Summary: This summary reproduces the concept of education and social development and the international strategies for economic collaboration reform. This conference was hold in Malaysia where Dr. Francisco represented India and gave his present his speech in an interesting way inform of the Honourable Deputy Minister of Malaysia and the Honourable Secretary General of the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia. Speech of Dr. Francisco: Dr. Francisco, professor and researcher of the World Bank, discussed about the stimulating educational and social development and the role of higher education institutions during the fourth industrial revolution. For this discussion, he pointed out some challenges that might affect higher educational system, all over the world in future and for this, he suggested to think with modern concept. The first part was discussed about the problems that higher education faced and the solution was difficult to achieve. Hence, at first, Dr. Francisco raised a question that whether higher education is good investment and for this, he did a periodic analysis in the World Bank about the economic return from education. Form his finding Dr. Francisco stated that higher education is a part of entire educational system and the economic returns is high. Hence, it is good to invest in higher education. However, there were some portions in the world, especially the Middle East and Northern Africa, where that economical return faced some challenges. Decreasing returns from higher education was the challenge that happened due to two potential reasons. The first reason was increasing supply of higher educated people that an economy could not utilise fully and second reason was decreasing demand for higher educated people due to lack of skills. In this context, Dr. Francisco gave an example of Angelo, who was the tourist guide in India but had the ability to become an economist. He also pointed out some other examples from rest of the world to highlight the negative economic returns of investment from higher education. Thus, it was important for him to indentify loopholes of educational system all over the world, as it is a global issue. In this context, Dr. Francisco told to think practically about those issues, as many jobs would be omitted in future for robots. Higher education is not only concerned about money or economic returns, but more than that. It helpes to develop a society by making citizenship, preparing new thinkers and building leaders for the society, which would lead everyone to think beyond traditional concepts of higher education. Hence, higher education is not only depending on money, rather it helpes to build a society with informed citizen, who further makes a developed community with more tolerance. However, in general, people did not think about those impacts of higher education and gave importance on investment of money from economic point of view. To analyse this view, Francisco took help of the World Development Report of the World Bank where he proved the social benefits of higher education. According to the report, among the total percentage of population, who believed on democracy, importance of democracy was greatly understood by those people, who had higher educational knowledge. According to other example, the ministry of Higher Education in South Africa informed that higher education was the last step of a formal educational system, where a country could get the opportunity to build a future generation with tolerance and awareness. To describe this situation, Francisco took the example of his own country, Mexico, where people got elementary education and for this reason, they could not adopt diversity due to lack of tolerance. Thus, higher education is not all about money rather it is the last resort for a country to provide for its future generation the capacity to understand other nations. The basic responsibility of a higher educational institute is to generate responsibilities among future generations about their own communities and for this those institutions needs to act as a role model. However, instead of those challenges, present and future environment is going to be very helpful for higher educational system but at the same time, it is important to face the challenges that how those transformations would affect higher education. The total number of enrolment for higher education is increasing significantly, all over the world. But there are some countries, especially low-income countries, where people get less benefits from higher income. Hence, for those underdeveloped countries, benefits received from economic point of view are more important than social benefits. Thus, it is important to break this discrepancy among countries to attain almost an equal global society. According to him, the government, higher educational institutions and people with higher education should take the responsibility to break that marginalisation. As higher education provides various facilities, it is a basic privilege for everyone. However, there are many poor countries, which cann ot access this privilege. Hence, it is the basic responsibility for all to decrease the gap between people, who are accessing higher education and who cannot get this opportunity. In this context, he took the suggestion of Stephan Kreisel that in 21st century, people could face a different society hence it was important to guide technologies to achieve better benefits. According to him, there were many people, who complained against higher educational institutions that those did not follow their role within a community, properly. However, there were various ways by which the improvement could be achieved. For these, people should connect higher educational institutions with their society and with other higher educational institutions. Thus, a huge correction within a higher educational institution was needed. Moreover, those institutions required to make more changes to become transparent, accountable and needed to become open to accept social challenges. Thus, a big question about those institutions had risen regarding their quality, relevance, what students were learning and how those learning were related with practical world. Hence, he suggested that some skills should be taught in higher education institutions, including Malaysia, and the government of the country and those institutions would take initiative to teach those fundamental skills f or making better future generation. Those skills were reliability, flexibility and integrity.

Starbucks Ethical Dilemma free essay sample

Starbucks, one of the most well-known coffee shops in the world has experienced dramatic growth since the first store opened in 1971. After rising to dominance in its market Starbucks currently operates in 61 different countries with just under 17,000 stores worldwide. Recently the management team have been under severe scrutiny as the organisation has been accused of avoiding tax. An investigation conducted by Reuters discovered the company had paid only ? 8. 6 million in corporation tax since launching in the UK 14 years ago, even though cumulative sales of ? billion have been achieved. Despite the contrary the Starbucks PR team have fought back stating that they paid the correct level of taxes in the UK. (Neville and Malik 2012) An Ethical Dilemma in a Business Context Crane and Matten (2010) state business ethics is the study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed. Considering this definition of business ethics it can be co ncluded that the Starbuck’s management team have found themselves in an ethical dilemma in a business context. We will write a custom essay sample on Starbucks Ethical Dilemma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As reported by Neville and Malik (2012) Margaret Hodge chair of the Parliamentary Committee stated that she thought it was right for customers to boycott the companies that had been avoiding tax payments. Furthermore when addressing the Chief Financial Officer of Starbucks over the matter she said ‘We’re not accusing you of being illegal, we’re accusing you of being immoral. ‘ Morality is concerned with the norms, values and beliefs embedded in the social processes which define right and wrong for an individual or a community as defined by Crane and Matten (2010) Coupling the morality definition and the statement from Margaret Hodge accusing the Chief Financial Officer of being immoral it can be argued that for businesses operating in the UK it is wrong and unacceptable not to pay the necessary taxes. Thomas Jones (1991) pioneered the idea of moral intensity and proposed it as way of expanding ethical decision-making models in relation to the importance of the issue, and the method decision-makers utilise when faced with ethical dilemmas. Considering the six factors that influence the intensity of a moral issue it could be seen that the moral intensity is high in this dilemma. The direct action group UK Uncut are extremely dissatisfied with the tax avoidance as funding for refuges and rape crisis centres faced cuts unless companies paid their fair share of tax. Sarah Greene an activist stated they plan to boycott Starbucks in the near future. HMRC estimated around ? 32 billion was lost in tax avoidance last year alone. (Neville and Malik 2012) As reported by Ebrahimmi (2012) Margaret Hodge stated that tax avoidance is unfair on hard working honest UK tax payers resulting in overseas companies gaining an unfair competitive advantage over UK companies; this then has a negative impact on the UK’s economic growth. Starbucks’ Chief Financial Office admitted that he had a secret signed deal with the Netherlands government where the Starbucks European headquarters is located. Solutions The Starbucks’ CEO has to compile a solution to the dilemma that will minimise the effect on the brand, and ensure that customers that were once loyal to the brand don’t vote with their feet and transfer to a competitor. A principle that must be followed is that ultimately the customer is always right. Analysing the information available it could be argued that the decision makers within Starbucks have acted in an indefensible manner. This is therefore crucial when deciding on a solution. The Stakeholder view established by Freeman (1984) concludes that corporations should serve a variety of stakeholders. Whereas the Shareholder view established by Friedman (1970) concludes that managers should maximise profit. Considering these two views it can be concluded that the Starbucks’ management have been operating under the Shareholder philosophy. Furthermore to this point it could be stated that the theory Egoism is relevant as Starbucks’ decision-making team have committed to activities that better the business and haven’t considered the consequences. Crane and Matten (2010) state an action is morally right if the decision-maker freely decides to pursue either their desires or interests following the egoism theory. Businesses should act ethically and be seen from a customer perspective to be acting in an ethical manner. Components of business ethics management are elements such as mission statements and codes of ethics. Throughout current business activities Starbucks’ management team have not followed their mission statement with regards to their coffee as it states: ‘It has always been, and will always be, about quality. We’re passionate about ethically sourcing the finest coffee beans, roasting them with great care, and improving the lives of people who grow them. We care deeply about all of this; our work is never done. ’ (http://starbucks. co. uk/about-us/company-information/mission-statement) Considering of all the above characteristics of the dilemma I think it is essential for the Starbucks’ management team to choose a solution which will recover the brand name. Shrivastava and Simokos (1989) established four basic responses that companies can take in a crisis; a super effort, voluntary compliance, forced regulatory compliance and denial as demonstrated in the diagram below. (Vassilikopoulou, Siomkos, Chatzipanagiotou, and Pantouvakis 2009) Analysing each of the actions I believe that the most beneficial option for the brand is a ‘super effort’. Shrivastava and Simokos (1989) state that this action can lead to a speedy recovery of lost business. The Chief Financial Officer could therefore discuss and negotiate with the National Treasury and try and reach an agreement with regards to the potential amount of tax that has been avoided. The decision to pay back tax has been reached as the CEO has been forced and pressured into it. The CEO therefore needs to show the brands credentials and true business ethos, and prove that elements such as the mission statement aren’t just hollow empty words. This could be done by investing in improving working conditions and the infrastructure in the less developed countries that provide the corporation with coffee beans. The investment could be calculated on a ratio basis: for every five million that is paid back in tax one million is invested into developing areas less privileged. This campaign will recover the brand name. The Starbucks’ management team will then have to develop a communication plan that identifies the key stakeholders, their information needs and how these can be filled. (Shrivastava and Simokos 1989) Time is also a crucial factor before implementing the chosen solution as Standrop (2006) identified that the more time that elapses between the crisis occurring and the companies action the harder it is for company customer trust again.

Spanish Prepositional Pronouns

Spanish Prepositional Pronouns The easy part about learning the grammar of pronouns in Spanish is that they follow a structure similar to the pronouns of English, serving as subjects as well as objects of verbs and prepositions. The tricky part, at least for people whose first language is English, is remembering which pronouns to use. While English uses the same pronouns as objects of prepositions and for direct and indirect objects of verbs, Spanish has a different set of pronouns for each usage, and those sets overlap. The subject pronouns and prepositional pronouns are identical except in the first-person singular and familiar second-person singular forms. How To Use Prepositional Pronouns As you can probably guess, prepositional pronouns are those that come after prepositions. In a sentence such as Tengo una sorpresa para ella (I have a surprise for her), para (for) is the preposition and ella (her) is the prepositional pronoun. Here are the prepositional pronouns of Spanish along with examples of their usage: mà ­ (first-person singular, equivalent of me): El regalo es para mà ­. (The gift is for me.)ti (informal second-person singular, equivalent of you; note that there is no written accent on this pronoun): El regalo es para ti. (The gift is for you.)usted (formal second-person singular, equivalent of you): El regalo es para usted. (The gift is for you.)à ©l (third-person masculine singular, equivalent of him or it): El regalo es para à ©l. (The gift is for him.)  Miro debajo à ©l.  (I am looking under it.)ella (third-person feminine singular, equivalent of her or it): El regalo es para ella. (The gift is for her.)  Miro debajo ella.  (I am looking under it.)nosotros, nosotras (first-person plural, equivalent of us): El regalo es para nosotros. (The gift is for us.)vosotros, vosotras (second-person informal plural, equivalent of you): El regalo es para vosotros. (The gift is for you.)ustedes (second-person formal plural, equivalent of you): El regalo es para ustedes.  (Th e gift is for you.) ellos, ellas (third-person plural, equivalent of them): El regalo es para ellos. (The gift is for them.) Sà ­ as a Pronoun There is also another prepositional object that is occasionally used. Sà ­ is used to mean himself, herself, the formal yourself, the formal yourselves, or themselves as the object of a preposition. For example, à ©l compra el regalo para sà ­, he is buying the gift for himself. One reason you dont see this usage often is since the meaning is usually expressed using the reflexive form of the verb: Se compra un regalo, he is buying himself a gift. Pronouns for It Either à ©l or ella can mean it as the object of a preposition, although as a subject there is no Spanish word used for it. The word used depends on the gender of the noun it replaces, with à ©l being used for masculine nouns and ella being used for feminine nouns.  ¿Dà ³nde est la mesa? Necesito mirar debajo ella. (Where is the table? I need to look under it.) ¿Dà ³nde est el carro? Necesito mirar debajo à ©l.  (Where is the car? I need to look under it.) Similarly, ellos and ellas, when used as a preposition pronoun meaning them, can be used to represent things as well as people. Use ellos when referring to nouns that are masculine, ellas for feminine nouns. Ellos also is used when referring to a group that includes both masculine and feminine nouhs. Contigo and Conmigo Instead of saying con mà ­ and con ti, use conmigo and contigo. Él va conmigo.  (He is going with me.)  Ella va contigo.  (She is going with you.) You also should use consigo instead of con sà ­, although this word isnt very common. Él habla consigo. (He  talks with himself.) Exceptions: Prepositions Followed by Subject Pronouns Finally, note that yo and tà º are used with the following six prepositions instead of with mà ­ and ti, respectively: entre (between)excepto (usually translated as except)incluso (including or even)menos (except)salvo (except)segà ºn (according to) Also, hasta is used with the subject pronouns when it is used in the same way as incluso. Examples: Es la diferencia entre tà º y yo. (Its the difference between you and me.)Muchas personas incluso/hasta yo creen en las hadas. (Many people including me believe in fairies.)Todos excepto/menos/salvo tà º creen en las hadas. (Everybody except you believes in fairies.)Es la verdad segà ºn yo. (Its the truth according to me.)

George Herbert Mead Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

George Herbert Mead - Essay Example generally, which arouse in the individual himself the response which he is calling out in the other, and such that from the point of view of that response he is able to direct his later conduct." The gesture of one individual is his response to the symbols being shown by the society. This is where the reaction of an individual comes from. Symbols always presuppose the ability of each participant in a communicative process to visualize his own performance from the standpoint of the others, to take the role of the others. In nonsymbolic interaction human beings, like animals, respond directly to one another. In symbolic interaction, where they use significant gestures, they interpret each other's attitudes and act on the basis of the meaning yielded by such interpretations. In Mead's work individual responses on the way he sees the society. It is the society that dictates his actions and responses to one another. The society has somewhat really influenced me as an individual. ... rates nonsignificant (unself-conscious) gestures, as found on the animal level, from the significant (self-conscious) gestures that characterize most human intercourse. As an individual I usually act based on intuition. What the situation or the symbols presented to me is my cue as to what my decision would be. I have learned from George Mead writing's that interpretation is important. Interpreting once gesture or symbol would lead to a better communication. However sometimes simple reaction that is not intentionally done would result in problems and wrong interpretation. That makes me think that Mead maybe had a personal experiences on the symbols and action that he has mentioned on his writing. For me what is important is how you convey your message to others. A simple tap on the shoulder of your friend would mean that you are on his side whenever he has a problem. Or others would interpret it differently. Mead had shown me the difference in the reaction of human to non human. Anim als would behave differently than man. Sometimes animals would not show any signs that he is going to attack you, while human can show that he is going to attack by his facial reactions and gestures. The communicative process includes the self conscious adjustment of the person to the conduct of others. The responses to each other conduct would include definition, redefinition and interpretation and reinterpretation. Experience is not first individual and then social. Each individual is continually involved in a succession of joint enterprises with others, which form and shape his mind. Consciousness is not a given; it is emergent. People would blame television and media when something bad happen. This resulted in many survey being done by several organization on the influence of media

Language and Literacy Programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Language and Literacy Programs - Essay Example 113). Skills based instruction then can be viewed as a bottom-up approach to language instructions, whereas whole language operates more from a top-down approach. There is a convergence of these programs in an approach referred to as ‘balanced literacy’. As the name suggests this approach combines word based instruction, with phoneme based skill tasks. 2. Within the context of the debate between whole language and skills-based instruction the term â€Å"principled eclecticism† is a significant concern. In this way principled eclecticism refers to the combination of word based modes of language instruction with skills based modes of language instruction. This approach has also been referred to as balanced literacy. This approach combines the best features of the two models. One considers that word based instruction may more functionally contribute to reader fluency as they allow the reader to engage in full sentence interaction. In this way this approach is impleme nted at end of lessons or for more fluent readers. This is then balanced with skills-based modes of instruction. This approach is effectively implemented for complex word forms, as well as beginning of lesson instruction. 3. There are a number of elements to a balanced literacy program. While there are a multitude of elements, this research considers three prominent approaches. One approach is the implementation of summarizing. Summarizing is firmly rooted in the word based mode of language instruction as it necessitates that students implement a top-down process of reasoning in synthesizing information (McGregor, p. 60). Another prominent approach is teacher-modeling. While this approach can be implemented for whole word formations, it is more prominently implemented in breaking down words phonemes so learners can practice literacy (McGregor, p. 60). A final component of a balanced literacy program is making inferences. Making inferences occurs as students attempt to determine the meaning of a word from its position in the context of a sentence (McGregor, p. 60). This approach is a word based component of a balanced literacy program in that the student is attempting to determine meaning from a complete word, as well as a larger sentence structure. 4. The role of the principal is a crucial feature of an exemplary reading program. The exemplary reading program is structured so that students who achieve a level of competency for their progress are recognized for their achievement. In this way the principal becomes a significant contributing force. Oftentimes exemplary reading programs issue certificates or awards based on the student’s progress. The principal will then sign this certificate as a means of authenticating the process, or call the student up in front of the classroom or school (Miller, p. 10). In this context the principal represents a significant authority figure through which the recognition contributes both to the student’s motivati ng and overriding self-esteem. 5. There are a number of concerns in establishing a reading program. One prominent concern is the nature of the students involved in the instruction. Students come from a variety of socio-economic backgrounds with a variety of skill levels. These factors influence the reading program as it may potentially be necessary to implement differentiated instruction in